The strong coupling, nonlinearity, and multi-physicaldomain nature of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive systems pose significant challenges to unified modeling and control-strategy verification. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a system-level modeling frame-work for PMSM control methods based on the Modelica language. By exploiting Modelica's object-oriented, acausal, and equation-based modeling features, the proposed framework provides modular encapsulation of the motor, inverter, modulation strategy, and thermal network under a unified physical-connection architecture. First, a basic component library is developed, including the d– q current controller, the Clark/Park transformations, and space-vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM). On this basis, a PMSM vector control model is established, achieving the approximate decoupled control of the d- and q-axis currents. Furthermore, equivalent thermal models are constructed for different cooling configurations to characterize the temperature rise caused by copper, iron, and permanent-magnet losses. Finally, a maximum-torque-per-ampere (MTPA) control model is introduced to improve current utilization and overall system efficiency. Simulation results verify the modularity, scalability, and reusability of the proposed framework, and demonstrate its capability to serve as a unified platform for multi-physical-domain co-simulation and control-strategy verification of PMSM drive systems. Keywords—Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), Modelica, vector control, maximum torque per ampere (MTPA), multi-physical-domain modeling.

Induction motors are highly preferred in electric vehicle (EV) applications due to robustness. This paper presents a comprehensive study on the vector control of an induction motor for EV applications. To achieve precise closed-loop speed and torque regulation, the mechanical angular speed of the rotor is obtained through a quadrature encoder. In addition to this, a magnetic flux estimator is implemented to provide the real-time flux information. The mathematical model and control for a motor drive system are established. To validate the effectiveness of the typical vector control, a real-time Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) test is conducted, where the power circuit and control strategies are both simulated by the PLECS RT Box. The HIL results verify the stability, dynamic response, and overall effectiveness of the proposed vector control scheme for EV drivetrains.